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Tecnam P92 (trike)

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Tecnam P92 (trike)

Postby Warwick » Mon Jul 26, 2021 12:27 am

I use at present the Tecnam P92 which is very similar to my full size Jabiru J160.
The main difference is that IAS is in Km/h rather than knots.
How can I change this?
If this is possible, can I change flap and stall speeds in the same place???
Have a great day
I am running win 10 and FG 2020.3.9
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Re: Tecnam P92 (trike)

Postby D-ECHO » Mon Jul 26, 2021 10:28 am

Good day Warwick,

(the following assumes you use the P92 from FGAddon, i.e. downloaded in the launcher).

The airspeed indicator in FG is a 3d model (AC3D format) along with a texture (PNG format) and an animation file (XML format). In order to change the indicated unit from km/h to kts, you can either edit the instrument yourself by editing the texture, e.g. with GIMP or Photoshop and editing the animation file so that the needle shows the correct speed, or you can replace it by an instrument from another aircraft or from the "instrument library" in Aircraft/Instruments-3d. The latter is probably easier, as there are many knots airspeed indicators used in other aircraft and available in the library. To do so
1) Use from another aircraft: Find the folder containing the instrument, this is usually located in the aircraft's path /Models/Interior/Panel/Instruments/asi, a shortened version of that path or similar. E.g. looking at the Cirrus-SR22, you can find it in Aircraft/Cirrus-SR22/Models/Interior/Panel/Instruments/asi. Use this to replace the folder to Aircraft/Tecnam-P92/Models/Interior/Panel/Instruments/asi. As the xml files located in that folder (asi.xml) are named the same for both, you don't need to change anything else except maybe the offsets in the <model>-block including the asi, which you can find in Models/Interior/Panel/panel.xml, l.52ff.
2) Use from Instruments-3d. Use your favourite file manager to navigate to $FGDATA/Aircraft/Instruments-3d/ and look for a suitable instrument. For the asi, you can use asi or asi-pa24. You don't need to copy that folder anywhere because it's a shared folder for all aircraft in FG. In Aircraft/Tecnam-P92/Models/Interior/Panel/panel.xml, l.52ff., replace the
Code: Select all
<path>Instruments/asi/asi.xml</path>

in order to point to the other instrument, e.g.
Code: Select all
<path>Aircraft/Instruments-3d/asi/asi.xml</path>
. You may need to adjust the offsets if the model is a bit off.

The aircraft's stall speed is defined by the FDM. The Tecnam P92 from FGAddon uses YaSim, which defines the stall speed directly. Have a look at Aircraft/Tecnam-P92/Systems/FDM/p92W-yasim.xml for the tricycle variant, p92A-yasim.xml for the amphibian variant. Line 28ff. defines the approach configuration, one of YaSim's two solution targets. According to http://buckarooshangar.com/flightgear/y ... ruise.html, it's a good start to use 1.3 * stall speed as the approach speed. This only works within reasonable limits, troubleshooting issues is described here: http://buckarooshangar.com/flightgear/y ... oting.html. The whole guide, available at http://buckarooshangar.com/flightgear/yasimtut.html is in my opinion one of the best resources when working on YaSim FDMs.

Flap speeds is a bit ambigious. Do you mean
* maximum flap speeds (i.e. Vfe)? These are defined using Limits (see https://wiki.flightgear.org/Howto:Define_limits) and are currently not configured for the Tecnam P92, as far as I can see. Note that these only create a warning, structural damage due to overspeeding needs to be simulated separately and is somewhat more advanced
* minimum flap speeds, i.e. stall speed with flaps extended? These are defined as a combination of the above mentioned approach configuration, which mandates that the flaps are fully extended during approach in order to reach the solution (which is in the current case flying at 30kts at an aoa of 2):
Code: Select all
<control-setting axis="/controls/flight/flaps"               value="1.0"/>

as well as the flaps effect, which is defined in line 63 (flap0):
Code: Select all
<flap0 start="0.084" end="0.498" lift="1.2" drag="1.25"/>

Caution: note that flap1 is not a flap in the traditional sense, but the ailerons.

Or do you mean changing the white, green, yellow and red arcs on the airspeed indicator? This requires editing the instrument's PNG (or sometimes RGB) texture.

Have a good day
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Re: Tecnam P92 (trike)

Postby helijah » Wed Jul 28, 2021 10:21 pm

Hi Warwick,

Small information by the way, there is an updated version on February 13, 2021 which is only on FGAddon Trunk (and in my hangar of course).

http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/flightgear/ftp/Aircraft-trunk/

That said if you want a version with two interchangeable anemometers I can do it without problem.

You can write to me directly at embaranger ( at ) gmail ( dot ) com

Regards Emmanuel
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Re: Tecnam P92 (trike)

Postby helijah » Wed Aug 11, 2021 8:28 am

Well, here.

Following Warwick's remark, a new update with the choice between km / h and Knots is available on FGAddon Trunk and of course in my hangar.

http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/flightgear/ftp/Aircraft-trunk/

http://helijah.free.fr/flightgear/les-appareils/p92/appareil.htm

Have fun.
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Re: Tecnam P92 (trike)

Postby jacquot » Thu Aug 12, 2021 2:50 pm

Very nice work. I like this mix of 2D and 3D instrument.
By the way how to start the engine with the key?
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Re: Tecnam P92 (trike)

Postby Anna Tiffany » Sun Jul 10, 2022 6:21 am

Warwick wrote in Mon Jul 26, 2021 12:27 am:I use at present the Tecnam P92 which is very similar to my full size Jabiru J160.
The main difference is that IAS is in Km/h rather than knots.
How can I change this?
If this is possible, can I change flap and stall speeds in the same place???
Have a great day
I am running win 10 and FG 2020.3.9

Sorry but I think that the real ones which the flightgear aircraft modeled on have km/h airspeed indicators and so does the POH .Switching it to knots is an option included in the update however flightsim is about getting as real as possible, I fly it according the numbers from POH so the metric unit doesn't appear to be a problem plus more realistic maybe? There's also a version updated by PAF team which modeled specifically the tricycle version which you can find here. http://pattenflightgear.wifeo.com/tecnam-p92-echo.php
As for start up as well as other procedures ,still have space for improvements.Currently ,left&right fuel on--lights as required--both mags on and guard--click the key --press "s"
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