Jabberwocky wrote in Fri Aug 22, 2014 3:49 pm:...we should really exercise air-to-air refueling more till we can do it in the dark.
Speaking of that, I took a look at an old
ATP-56A (9 MB pdf), and found that there almost universally is lighting on the boom, lighting on the pod and lighting or reflexes on the drogue (with the notable exception of Russian drogues). In addition boom equipped aircraft often have a system of lighting under the belly that helps the pilot to keep the correct horizontal and vertical distance.
Boom lightsWhite light on tip of boom
Pilot director lights (PDL), two parallel light strips under the belly (controlled by the position of the boom
)The left one indicating the vertical distance Aft <-- [ U
> > = < < D ]
The right one indicating the horizontal distance [ A
# # = # # F ] --> Forvard
Pod and drogue lightsBoth Russian and Western systems uses three colors, red, amber and green, and seem to almost universally use them in the following way:
Before connectionSteady red: Not ready
Steady amber: Ready to connect
On connectionSteady green: Conected and fuel flowing
No lights: Dry contact/refuel complete
Flashing red: Break away
In addition there are often floodlights on the tanker and sometimes on the receiver.
See also these links:
AAR of the F-35 -
IL-78 Midas while refueling (PDF) -
Lit drogue -
C-17 getting refueled (YouTube, 1 min)